Chii chinonzi Environmental Management System (EMS)?
Environmental Management System (EMS) inzira yakarongeka uye yakarongeka yekutonga inoshandiswa kubatsira masangano kuona, kutonga, kutarisa uye kugadzirisa maitiro avo ezvakatipoteredza.Chinangwa cheEMS ndechekudzikisa kukanganisa kwakashata kwemabhizinesi pane zvakatipoteredza uye kuwana budiriro inoenderera kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekutonga.Izvi zvinotevera sumo yakadzama yeEMS:
Kutanga, Tsanangudzo uye Chinangwa
EMS chimiro chinoshandiswa nesangano kugadzirisa nyaya dzayo dzezvakatipoteredza.Zvinosanganisira kugadzira mitemo yezvakatipoteredza, kuronga nekuita matanho ekutonga, kutarisa uye kuongorora kushanda kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza maitiro ekugadzirisa kwezvakatipoteredza.Chinangwa cheEMS ndechekuona kuti bhizinesi rinogona kubata nekudzikisa kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza pasi pezvirambidzo zvemitemo yezvakatipoteredza uye zviyero.
Chechipiri, Main components
EMS kazhinji inosanganisira zvinotevera zvakakosha zvikamu:
a.Environmental policy
Sangano rinofanira kugadzira mutemo wezvakatipoteredza unotaura zvakajeka kuzvipira kwaro kuhutungamiri hwezvakatipoteredza.Uyu mutemo unowanzo sanganisira zvirimo zvakaita sekuderedza kusvibiswa, kutevedzera mirairo, kuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.
b.Planning
Munguva yekuronga, sangano rinofanirwa kuona kukanganisa kwaro kwezvakatipoteredza, kuona zvibodzwa zvezvakatipoteredza uye zviratidzo, uye kugadzira hurongwa hwekuita chaihwo hwekuzadzisa zvinangwa izvi.Danho iri rinosanganisira:
1. Ongororo yezvakatipoteredza: Ziva kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwemabasa emakambani, zvigadzirwa nemasevhisi.
2. Kutevedzwa kwemitemo: Ita shuwa kuti zvese zvinoenderana nemitemo yezvakatipoteredza inoteererwa.
3. Chinangwa chekugadzirisa: Sarudza zvinangwa zvezvakatipoteredza uye zviratidzo zvekushanda zvakananga.
c.Implementation uye kushanda
Munguva yekushandiswa kwedanho, sangano rinofanira kuona kuti mutemo wezvakatipoteredza uye hurongwa zvave zvichiitwa nemazvo.Izvi zvinosanganisira:
1. Gadzira maitiro ekugadzirisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye maitiro ekushanda.
2. Dzidzisa vashandi kuti vavandudze ruzivo rwezvakatipoteredza uye unyanzvi.
3. Govera zviwanikwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanaka kweEMS.
d.Kuongorora uye kugadzirisa chiito
Sangano rinofanirwa kugara richiongorora uye kuongorora maitiro ayo ezvakatipoteredza kuti rione kuti zvinangwa uye zviratidzo zvinogoneka.Izvi zvinosanganisira:
1. Tarisa uye kuyera kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza.
2. Kuita kuongorora kwemukati kuti uongorore kushanda kweEMS.
3. Tora matanho ekugadzirisa kugadzirisa nyaya dzakaonekwa uye dzisingaenderane.
e.Ongororo Yekutungamira
Vatungamiri vanofanira kugara vachiongorora kushanda kweEMS, kuongorora kukodzera kwayo, kukwana uye kushanda, uye kuona nzvimbo dzekuvandudza.Migumisiro yekuongorora kwehutungamiri inofanira kushandiswa kugadzirisa mitemo yezvakatipoteredza uye zvinangwa zvekusimudzira kuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza.
Chechitatu, ISO 14001 Standard
ISO 14001 chiyero chekuchengetedza nharaunda chakapihwa neInternational Organisation for Standardization (ISO) uye ndeimwe yeakanyanya yakashandiswa zvakanyanya EMS maitiro.ISO 14001 inopa nhungamiro yekushandisa uye kuchengetedza EMS, ichibatsira masangano kubata zvakarongeka mabasa avo ezvakatipoteredza.
Iyo chiyero inoda makambani kuti:
1. Gadzira uye shandisa mitemo yezvakatipoteredza.
2. Ziva kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye isa zvinangwa nezviratidzo.
3. Shandisa uye shandisa EMS uye uve nechokwadi chekubatanidzwa kwevashandi.
4. Chengetedza uye kuyera kushanda kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuita kuongorora kwemukati.
5. Ramba uchivandudza hurongwa hwekutarisira zvakatipoteredza.
-ISO 14001 inzira yakajairwa yekushandisa EMS.Inopa zvakatemwa zvinodiwa uye nhungamiro yekumisikidza, kuita, kuchengetedza nekuvandudza masisitimu ekutonga kwezvakatipoteredza.
Masangano anogona kugadzira nekushandisa masisitimu avo ekutonga kwezvakatipoteredza zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa neISO 14001 kuona kuti EMS yavo yakarongeka, yakanyorwa uye inoenderana nemitemo yenyika.
Iyo EMS yakasimbiswa neISO 14001 inoratidza kuti sangano rasvika pasi rose zvinozivikanwa mwero mukutonga kwezvakatipoteredza uye ine imwe nhanho yekuvimbika nekuvimbika.
Forth, Zvakanakira EMS
1. Kutevedzwa kwemitemo:
Batsira mabhizinesi kutevedzera mirau yezvakatipoteredza uye kudzivirira njodzi dzepamutemo.
2. Kuchengeta mari:
Deredza mari yekushandisa kuburikidza nekugadzirisa zviwanikwa uye kuderedza marara.
3. Kukwikwidza pamusika:
Wedzera mufananidzo wekambani uye usangane nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvinodiwa nevatengi uye musika.
4. Risk management:
Deredza mukana wetsaona dzezvakatipoteredza uye njodzi.
5. Kutora chikamu kwevashandi:
Kuvandudza ruzivo rwezvakatipoteredza uye kutora chikamu kwevashandi.
Chechishanu, Kuita matanho
1. Wana kuzvipira uye rutsigiro kubva kuvakuru vakuru.
2. Gadzira boka reprojekiti yeEMS.
3. Kuita kuongorora kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuongorora kwekutanga.
4. Gadzira mitemo yezvakatipoteredza uye zvinangwa.
5. Shandisa kudzidziswa uye kusimudzira ruzivo.
6. Gadzira uye shandisa maitiro ekugadzirisa kwezvakatipoteredza.
7. Tarisa uye ongorora kushanda kweEMS.
8. Ramba uchivandudza EMS.
Environmental Management System (EMS) inopa masangano nehurongwa hwakarongeka hwekusimudzira budiriro inogoneka nekuona nekugadzirisa zvinokanganisa nharaunda.ISO 14001, seyakanyanya kuzivikanwa chiyero, inopa chaiyo nhungamiro kumasangano kuita uye kuchengetedza EMS.Kuburikidza neEMS, makambani haangogone kuvandudza maitiro avo ezvakatipoteredza, asi zvakare kuwana kukunda-kukunda mamiriro ehupfumi uye mutoro wemagariro.Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwehurongwa hwekutarisira kwezvakatipoteredza, makambani anogona kuvandudza kuziva kwezvakatipoteredza, kuderedza kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuvandudza mashandisirwo ezviwanikwa, kusimudzira mutoro wekambani munharaunda, uye nekudaro kuhwina kuvimba kwemusika uye mukurumbira wemhando.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-01-2024
